A new United States analysis has found that following the well-known Mediterranean diet appears to be linked with higher cognitive function.
To look at participants’ cognition, the AREDS study tested the subjects’ cognitive function after five years, while AREDS2 tested cognitive function at the start of the study and again two, four and 10 years later.
The findings, published in the journal Alzheimer’s and Dementia, showed that those who followed the Mediterranean diet more closely had the lowest risk of cognitive impairment. In particular, eating plenty of fish and vegetables appeared to have the greatest protective effect, with the AREDS2 study finding that after ten years of following the participants, those with the highest fish consumption had the slowest rate of cognitive decline.
In addition, the team found that participants with the ApoE gene, which increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, had lower cognitive function scores and greater cognitive decline, on average, than those without the gene. However, following the Mediterranean diet brought similar benefits for both those with and without the ApoE gene, suggesting that the cognitive benefits of diet are independent of genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease.
“We do not always pay attention to our diets. We need to explore how nutrition affects the brain and the eye,” said Dr. Emily Chew, lead author of the studies.
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