The United Nations climate conference COP29 commenced in Baku, Azerbaijan on Monday, where participants continue to address the re-election of former US President Donald Trump.
An overview of dense canopy and areas of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest outside Manaus, Brazil on June 4, 2008.
For two years in a row, COP has been hosted by oil-rich autocracies with climate plans that are “critically insufficient,” according to the research partnership Climate Action Tracker. Brazil is different. It may be among the world’s top 10 oil exporters, but it’s also a world leader in new wind and solar installations and has strong climate commitments. So observers hope that when Brazil hosts the talks, more aggressive goal-setting will be possible.
The pressure for COP30 to deliver rests on Lula, and also on Silva. Born into poverty on a rubber plantation in a rural, forested part of northern Brazil, Silva didn’t learn to read or write until she was a teenager. After rising to prominence as an activist, she joined Lula’s government during his first term as president.
She is “always reminding” her colleagues that there’s no time to waste to tackle the climate crisis, said André Corrêa do Lago, secretary for climate, energy, and environment at the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Under her watch, Brazil launched its first deforestation action plan. It’s credited with driving down deforestation more than 80 percent between 2004 and 2012, even as cattle herds and soybean production grew. That showed clearing more trees wasn’t needed to develop these agricultural sectors.
Last year Brazil cut deforestation by 50 percent, according to government data, and this year it has dropped a significant amount again, Silva told Bloomberg Green. By the time Lula’s term ends in 2026, she said, Brazil has to have policies operational to ensure “zero deforestation in 2030.”
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