The countries are listed in chronological order.
While it might feel as though it's been an inalienable right for as long as we can remember, it really wasn't that long ago that women not only didn't have the right to vote, but also couldn't own land, travel freely, or work outside the traditional roles prescribed by society.
1893: New Zealand Led by suffrage activist Kate Sheppard, the women of New Zealand campaigned in the late 1800s, putting together multiple petitions that called for parliament to grant women the right to vote. While the women received a great deal of opposition, with many cabinet members concerned that women would vote for the prohibition of alcohol, their lobbying finally paid off and on Sept. 19, 1893, the bill was signed into law.
1915: Denmark In the 1800s, Denmark's political activity was only allowed for men over the age of 30 who were the head of their households, which accounted for just 15% of Denmark's population. Activist Matilde Bajer formed a women's suffrage group in 1871 and became the leader of the political wing of the Women's Progress Association, which fought for women's rights until finally winning the right to vote in 1915.
1918: Poland In 1918, Poland gained its independence after more than 100 years of subjugation by Russia, Germany, and Austria-Hungary. With that milestone came independence for Polish women as well, as the new government awarded women the right to vote and to participate in elections for the Sejm, Poland's parliament. Women went on to fight for and win rights in matters of holding office, civil law, and property ownership.
1920: United States Women in the United States won the right to vote in 1920, a decision that came after decades of a women's suffrage movement that began in the first half of the 19th century. Activists such as Susan B. Anthony worked tirelessly to promote women's rights and convince the government that women should be allowed to vote. Unfortunately, Anthony did not live to see the women's right to vote become law.
The Irish Women's Franchise League was formed in 1908, and suffragettes fought tirelessly, and sometimes violently, for women's rights. Women over the age of 30 were granted some voting rights in 1918, and full voting rights to all women over the age of 21 were granted in 1928. 1934: Turkey The Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923, and just seven years later, women were granted the right to vote in local elections; however, suffrage on a national level didn't come until 1934, when legislation was enacted granting full political rights for women. Women became more active in politics after this, with Turkey electing its first female government minister in 1971 and its first female prime minister in 1993.
1947: Argentina Argentina's congress granted women the right to vote in 1947. This right was signed into law by President Juan Domingo Peron, whose wife Eva Peron had been a big part of the campaign for women's suffrage. Eva went on to establish the Peronist Women's Party, which she headed until her death in 1952. Women were not able to exercise their newfound rights until the general election in 1951 when 3.5 million women turned out to vote.
1953: Mexico Women in Mexico were able to start participating in municipal elections as of 1947, but the right to vote in national elections didn't come until six years later. A reform was actually passed in 1937 that granted full political rights to women, but it was never officially enacted, and it wasn't until President Adolfo Ruíz Cortines was elected in 1952 that women gained universal suffrage.
1957: Malaysia Women in Malaysia, along with all other Malaysian citizens, were granted the right to vote in 1957, after the country gained political independence from the British regime. Activists had been fighting for women's emancipation since the 1920s, with campaigns for higher education and equal rights. Despite continued lobbying for women to have more power in politics, the percentage of women holding seats remains small—though is slowly rising.
1963: Iran Women in Iran won the right to vote and run for parliament in 1963, as well as rights to obtain a divorce and to keep custody of their children. By 1978, 22 women had seats in parliament, and more than 300 served on local councils; however, that ended with the 1979 revolution. Women were removed from office, made to observe the Islamic dress code, and could only work in more traditionally female fields.
1971: Switzerland The suffrage movement started in Switzerland in the late 1800s, but it wasn't until 1971 that women were legally allowed to vote, and in some Swiss cantons, women couldn't vote until 1991. The country has progressed exponentially since that time, and as of 2021, more than 40% of national political seats are held by women.
1980: Iraq Iraq granted women the right to vote in 1980; however, after the Gulf War in 1991 and subsequent leadership changes, many women's rights have been reversed, leaving women to continue their fight for equality. As of 2021, women occupied 29% of the political seats in Iraq, and women continue to run for office, working to increase their political quotas.
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