Kate Fullagar tells history in reverse in her innovative biography of both Captain Arthur Phillip and Woollarawarre Bennelong.
The long road to conciliation between First Nations and European settlers has been tortuous, and after the result of the Voice referendum, there is still much ground to cover. The first attempt at conciliation occurred soon after Governor Arthur Phillip proclaimed possession of the colony of New South Wales on behalf of the British Crown.
In contrast, Phillip was cast as a disciple of the Enlightenment: rational, secular, equalitarian, and benign. His refusal, for instance, to seek retribution after being speared at Manly Cove by a Wangal man in September 1790 is taken as evidence of his tolerance and benevolence, unique among the early NSW governors. Moreover, the Australian-centric view portrays Phillip’s five-year governorship of the colony as the crowning achievement of his career.
While Fullagar concedes that Phillip was influenced by Enlightenment ideals, she reveals the complexities and ambiguities that punctuated his political and personal life. His humanitarian impulses were constrained by the exigency of circumstance and loyal devotion to Britain. Acting on the Crown’s order to “conciliate affections” of the Euroa people, he ordered two from their number to be captured.
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