A large Chinese study found that high vegetable protein intake is linked to later puberty timing and beneficial gut microbiome changes in children, while high animal protein intake is associated with earlier puberty. The gut microbiome mediates these effects.
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDReviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc.Jul 2 2024 In a recent letter to Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, researchers report the results of a large Chinese study on the impact of dietary protein on the gut microbiome and puberty timing.
When accounting for other factors, children consuming higher levels of vegetable protein had a greater abundance of Butyricicoccus, Enterococcus, Dorea, and Romboutsia bacteria. Each of these bacteria genera produces short-chain fatty acids like butyrate, which have immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-tumor, cardioprotective activity, and various other essential physiologic functions.
The highest APMI tertile was associated with earlier menarche in girls and voice breaking in boys as compared to those in the lowest tertile. Conversely, the highest VPMI tertile was associated with later menarche or voice break relative to the lowest VPMI tertile. The gut microbiome in children who consumed more vegetable protein exhibited a significantly different metabolic profile than those who consumed more animal protein. Likewise, several urine metabolites, including 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid, citric acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, and butyric acid in the feces, rose in proportion to vegetable protein consumption.
Soy protein and puberty In China, dietary soy protein is the primary source of vegetable protein and, as a result, may be responsible for later puberty timing in this country. To test this hypothesis, the study participants were classified by soy intake, demonstrating that VPMI was associated with later puberty timing with higher dietary soy intake.
Microbiome Protein Puberty Bacteria Enterococcus Fatty Acids Hormone Metabolites Short-Chain Fatty Acids
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