While screening can help some people live longer, data shows some people’s lives are shortened as result of screening
Common cancer screening tests may not extend people’s lifespans, with the possible exception of colorectal cancer screening, data suggests.
Many countries have introduced screening programmes to detect cancers at an earlier stage, with tests such as mammograms for breast cancer and prostate-specific antigen testing for prostate cancer routinely offered in the UK. To investigate, Bretthauer and colleagues combined the results of 18 long-term randomised clinical trials that examined rates of death from all causes and estimated the number of years of life gained from screening with six commonly-used tests, including mammography screening for breast cancer; colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy or testing the stool for blood to detect colorectal cancer; computed tomography screening for lung cancer; and prostate-specific antigen testing for prostate cancer.
However, he explained that for the population effect to be zero, as this study found, there must also be some individuals whose lives were shortened as a result of screening.
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