Puffins are listed as “vulnerable” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, which means they face a high risk of extinction in the wild
Puffins are feeling the heat. These defining birds of Machias Seal Island off the coasts of New Brunswick and Maine are feeling the effects of warming waters with scientists seeing changes in size of puffins, their bills and also fluctuations in reproduction and survival of chicks.An Atlantic puffin clamps down on baitfish it will feed to a chick on Eastern Egg Rock, Maine, Sunday, Aug. 5, 2023. THE CANADIAN PRESS/AP/Robert F.
Data on puffins on Machias Seal Island have been collected since 1995 and one of the most notable observations made by scientists is that when the birds are old enough to leave the island to go to sea, they are smaller than they used to be. Over the past 10 years, she said, scientists have noted the puffins’ hatch date has become later, with chicks emerging toward the end of June rather than mid-June. And the birds’ distinctive brightly coloured beaks — which they use to carry fish and possibly to attract mates — are getting larger, she said.
“What’s happening is that we’re getting these really, really good years followed by really, really bad years,” Major said. “We see these really big fluctuations that we don’t see earlier in the data set, and that seems to be related to things that are happening in the ocean.” Andrew Allyn, a researcher at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute, said the waters in the region have warmed by about 1.6 C since the 1980s, with the area heating up most during the summer. He said the region has seen marine heat waves over the past 10 to15 years.
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