Across the small island nation, schools and libraries were either closed or operated on limited hours as female staff stayed home, while hospitals said they would only handle emergency cases.
"Looking at the whole world, it could take 300 years to achieve gender equality," Ms Jakobsdottir told the Ras 1 public radio station.
Iceland is regarded as one of the world's most progressive countries in terms of gender equality and has topped the World Economic Forum's gender gap index 14 years in a row. Forty per cent of Icelandic women experience gender-based and sexual violence in their lifetime, a University of Iceland study found.
Tuesday's strike, under the slogan "Do you call this equality?", included Icelandic women and non-binary people and was the first full-day strike since an inaugural women's protest in 1975.
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